Focus on Protective Breathing Equipment
Protective Breathing Equipment (PBE) protects the user’s face and respiratory system from heat, smoke and noxious gases. In-service events were reported to Airbus where the PBE did not work as expected or where cabin crew had difficulties using their equipment or inappropriately used it, which impaired their safety. This article explains the concept and specificities of PBE. It recalls the essential maintenance, operational, and training considerations that must be followed in order to ensure PBE integrity and safe use in the case of an emergency.
Use of Rudder
The use of rudder by the flight crew on Airbus aircraft is limited to the takeoff and landing roll, crosswind landings, or to counteract the yaw effect caused by an engine failure until the rudder is trimmed. Several events have been reported where the flight crew used rudder inputs after encountering turbulence, causing unnecessary trajectory deviations and loads on the aircraft structure.This article describes such an event and explains the two types of rudder design used on Airbus aircraft. It also provides recommendations to the flight crew on the use of rudder and emphasises the importance of reporting lateral loads events after an occurrence. It also provides guidance to maintenance personnel to ensure necessary inspections are performed following a reported high load event.
Preventing Loss of Engine Generators on A320 Family, A330 and A340 Aircraft
Some cases of emergency electrical configurations on A320 aircraft were reported to Airbus where both Integrated Drive Generators (IDGs) failed in sequence due to worn components inside their Constant Speed Drive (CSD).This article describes one of these events and explains why worn IDGs may have frequency regulation issues in certain circumstances that may lead to emergency electrical configuration. It also presents the preventive maintenance tasks that have been introduced to detect worn IDGs in advance. Recommendations are provided to flight crews to prevent a potential emergency electrical configuration in the case of one generator failure.
Under the Spotlights
Two recent events with damage to the passenger windows of the aircraft were reported to Airbus. Similar events also happened on non-Airbus aircraft. The damage was caused by the heat of spotlights used during promotional filming sessions. One of these events could have had serious safety consequences as damage was not detected on ground, and caused some window panes to detach from the aircraft during the next flight. This article describes this event in more detail and how to prevent heat damage due to exterior lighting. It also recommends checking the condition of the aircraft before it returns to service.
Bird or Hail Strikes on the Radome
Abnormal events such as bird strikes and hail strikes can occur at any time. When the aircraft is struck by birds or Foreign Object Debris (FOD), the correct inspection process must be followed, before the next flight, to determine if the aircraft is safe to fly.This article focuses on the effect that a bird or hail strike can have on the radome of the aircraft. It recalls the recommendations to flight and maintenance crews to ensure correct detection, reporting, and management of a bird or hail strike. It also explains why it is important to always check both the outer and inner sides of a radome after any bird or hail strike event.
Closing MEL Items: Why Sooner is Better
It is not always possible to repair a system failure before the next flight. The MEL permits the dispatch of an aircraft with inoperative equipment or functions for a limited period of time, and under specific conditions, while maintaining an acceptable level of safety. Current in-service data shows an increase in the number of requests for MEL extension indicating an increase of departures with multiple open MEL items. Even if dispatch under MEL always guarantees an acceptable level of safety, it increases the risk of exposure to multiple failures with their inherent operational consequences. This article recalls the importance of fixing MEL items at the earliest opportunity to reduce this risk of exposure to multiple failures, and provides best practices where MEL extensions are necessary to maintain the highest possible margin of safety.
Correct Cargo Door Seal Installation for Safe Operation
Incorrect installation of a cargo doors seal may lead to unsafe in-flight operations such as abnormal cabin pressurization or an ineffective cargo fire extinguishing system.This article recalls the essential steps of the AMM for correct cargo door seal installation, including the required inspection after installation.
Look out for Ice Ridges on the Lower Nose Fuselage
With the start of the winter season in the northern hemisphere, it is a timely reminder to re-publish this article, initially published in 2018. Ice ridges on the lower nose fuselage can cause Computed Airspeed (CAS) values delivered by the ADRs to be lower than the actual airspeed which may lead to unreliable airspeed events. This article describes the potential effect on the aircraft’s systems from the takeoff phase and how to prevent such situation.
Lightning Strikes
Each in-service aircraft is struck by lightning at least once per year, on average. Even if the level of energy of lightning strikes is high, their effects on an aircraft are limited.This article explains the lightning phenomenon and why aircraft are prone to lightning strikes. It describes how aircraft are designed to limit the effects of a lightning strike and ensure that the safety of the flight is not impaired. It also recalls several safety precautions to take in flight and on the ground, and what must be done when an aircraft is struck by lightning.
Best Maintenance Practices for Redundant Systems
Performing similar maintenance tasks on redundant systems at the same time, or by the same person during a particular maintenance check, may lead to the repetition of a maintenance error. This creates a risk of simultaneous failure of the redundant systems when the aircraft is back into service.This article provides best practices to reduce this risk and ensure that the benefits of redundancy of systems or components on the aircraft is not compromised.